Although scenic metropolises like Toronto and Vienna may top the rankings of greatest cities to call home, these urban centers have nothing on Jericho when it comes to historical charm. After all, this Middle Eastern oasis has hosted human residents for at least 11,000 years, making it likely the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world.
Thanks in large part to the nearby water supply now known as Elisha's Spring (or Ein es-Sultan), nomadic hunter-gatherers began settling these fertile grounds as the Mesolithic Period drew to an end, perhaps around 9000 BCE. By around 8300 BCE, inhabitants had already constructed a bordering wall of stone, along with a 28-foot tower that may have served as a cosmological marker. Although the initial colony of 2,000 to 3,000 inhabitants had dissipated by 7000 BCE, subsequent communities sprung to life as residents continued to hone agricultural techniques, with each settlement building on top of the previous one. Altogether, some 23 layers of civilizations have been uncovered in the area.
With the site once serving as a popular private retreat for leaders such as Alexander the Great and King Herod, the population of Jericho waxed and waned as it passed through the grasp of the Byzantine and Ottoman empires. Now part of the Palestinian territory of the West Bank, the city leaves only a modest imprint on the global radar, even as the older sections hint at its incomparable ties to a formative era of human history. |
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